What is the antihyperglycemic medication of choice during pregnancy?

Insulin is the gold standard for treatment of hyperglycemia during pregnancy, when lifestyle measures do not maintain glycemic control during pregnancy. However, recent studies have suggested that certain oral hypoglycemic agents (metformin and glyburide) may be safe and be acceptable alternatives.

Are SGLT2 inhibitors safe in pregnancy?

SGLT2 inhibitors are contraindicated in pregnancy (reproductive toxicity in animal studies) and breastfeeding (data from few animal studies only).

Why is sulfonylurea contraindicated in pregnancy?

Sulfonylureas may not be suitable for the treatment of diabetes during pregnancy as significant metabolic changes occurring during this time make control of blood sugar difficult. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. In the US, this drug has been used in women with gestational diabetes.

What class is metformin for pregnancy?

Metformin has no known fetal teratogenicity and no known fetal harm, although it crosses the placenta readily, and it is unbound in serum (19). It remains Food and Drug Administration Category B during pregnancy.

Is sulfonylurea safe in pregnancy?

All sulfonylurea drugs are capable of producing severe hypoglycaemia. Teratogenic effects have been reported in animal studies. Non-teratogenic effects include: Prolonged severe hypoglycaemia (4 to 10 days) reported in neonates born to mothers who were receiving a sulfonylurea drug at the time of delivery.

Is gliclazide safe in pregnancy?

Pregnancy For gliclazide The use of sulfonylureas in pregnancy should generally be avoided because of the risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia.

Is sitagliptin safe in pregnancy?

Risk Summary: Limited data available with this drug in pregnant women are not sufficient to inform a drug-associated risk for major birth defects and miscarriage; there are risks to the mother and fetus associated with poorly controlled diabetes during pregnancy.

Can glimepiride be given in pregnancy?

Glimepiride and Pregnancy Glimepiride should be used during pregnancy only if the possible benefit outweighs the possible risk to the unborn baby.

Why is gliclazide contraindicated in pregnancy?

Risk Summary: Drug associated risks for major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal outcomes have not been identified with use of this drug during pregnancy, however, this drug crosses the placenta and has been associated with neonatal adverse reactions such as hypoglycemia; poorly controlled diabetes in …

Why metformin is used in pregnancy?

In recent years, metformin has gained acceptance as a safe, effective and rational option for reducing insulin resistance in pregnant women with type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes (GDM) or polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). It may also provide benefit in obese non-diabetic women during pregnancy.

Can glipizide be used in pregnancy?

This drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Comments: -Insulin is recommended during pregnancy to maintain blood glucose levels as normal as possible. -If this drug is used during pregnancy, it should be discontinued at least 1 month before the expected delivery date.

Can Januvia used in pregnancy?

Pregnancy and breastfeeding JANUVIA is not recommended for use during pregnancy. Talk to your doctor if you are breastfeeding or intend to breastfeed. You should not take JANUVIA while breastfeeding or if planning to breastfeed.

Is glipizide safe for pregnancy?

Can gliclazide be used during pregnancy?

Conclusions: The use of gliclazide during pregnancy was not associated with increased maternal hospitalization or neonatal adverse outcomes in comparison with the use of metformin in pregnancy; however, the limited number of exposed pregnancies is a key limitation.

Is gliclazide safe for pregnancy?

Gliclazide has been shown to be as effective as metformin in providing glycemic control in newly diagnosed nonpregnant patients. Despite this, gliclazide is generally not recommended for use in pregnancy.

Are oral hypoglycemic agents safe during the first trimester of pregnancy?

The safety of oral hypoglycemic agents in the first trimester of pregnancy: A meta-analysis. Can J Clin Pharmacol. 2003;10:179–83. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 30.

What are the different types of drugs in pregnancy?

Drugs in pregnancy are categorized by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) into category A, B, C, D, or X, depending on how much evidence there is of potential harm to the fetus:

Does administration of oral anti-diabetic agents during pregnancy affect the fetus?

Administration of an oral anti-diabetic agent instead of insulin appears to be tempting, but there is a paucity of data on the exposure of fetus to their mothers’s OAAs during pregnancy as well as in infancy during breastfeeding.

Is rapid glycemic control in gestational diabetes mellitus possible during pregnancy?

However, in pregnancy, need for rapid control is much desired. So, if a trial of MNT fails to achieve glycemic control within a week or less, diabetic therapy need to be escalated. Insulin remains the drug of choice in majority of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

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